Кобалт
27
Co
Група
9
Период
4
Блок
d
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
27
27
32
Главни свойства
Атомен номер
27
Атомна маса
58.933195
Масов номер
59
Категория
Преходни метали
Цвят
Сив
Радиоактивни
Не
From the German word Kobald, goblin or evil spirit; also from the Greek cobalos, mine
Кристална структура
Обикновен шестоъгълник
История
Cobalt compounds have been used for centuries to impart a rich blue color to glass, glazes and ceramics.
The element was first isolated by Swedish chemist George Brandt in 1735.
He showed it was the presence of the element cobalt that caused the blue color in glass, not bismuth as previously thought.
The element was first isolated by Swedish chemist George Brandt in 1735.
He showed it was the presence of the element cobalt that caused the blue color in glass, not bismuth as previously thought.
Електрон на обвивка
2, 8, 15, 2
Електронна конфигурация
[Ar] 3d7 4s2
Supplemental colbalt is essential in sheep's diets to improve the wools quality
Физични свойства
Фаза
Твърди
Плътност
8.86 g/cm3
Температура на топене
1768.15 K | 1495 °C | 2723 °F
Температура на кипене
3200.15 K | 2927 °C | 5300.6 °F
Топлина на сливането
16.2 kJ/mol
Топлина на изпаряване
375 kJ/mol
Специфичен топлинен капацитет
0.421 J/g·K
Изобилие в земната кора
0.003%
Изобилие в вселената
0.0003%
Кредити за снимката: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Pure cobalt chips, electrolytically refined, as well as a high purity cobalt cube for comparison
Номер на CAS
7440-48-4
Номер на PubChem CID
104730
Атомни свойства
Атомен радиус
125 pm
Ковалентен радиус
126 pm
Електроотрицателност
1.88 (Скала на Полинг)
Йонизационен потенциал
7.881 eV
Моларен обем
6.7 cm3/mol
Топлопроводимост
1 W/cm·K
Оксидационни държави
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Приложения
Cobalt is used in the preparation of magnetic, wear-resistant and high-strength alloys.
Cobalt is widely used in batteries and in electroplating.
Radioactive 60Co is used in the treatment of cancer.
A solution of the chloride is used as a sympathetic ink.
Cobalt is widely used in batteries and in electroplating.
Radioactive 60Co is used in the treatment of cancer.
A solution of the chloride is used as a sympathetic ink.
Cobalt and its compounds are considered to be slightly toxic
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
59CoНестабилни изотопи
47Co, 48Co, 49Co, 50Co, 51Co, 52Co, 53Co, 54Co, 55Co, 56Co, 57Co, 58Co, 60Co, 61Co, 62Co, 63Co, 64Co, 65Co, 66Co, 67Co, 68Co, 69Co, 70Co, 71Co, 72Co, 73Co, 74Co, 75Co