Бром
35
Br
Група
17
Период
4
Блок
p
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
35
35
45
Главни свойства
Атомен номер
35
Атомна маса
79.904
Масов номер
80
Категория
Халогени
Цвят
Червен
Радиоактивни
Не
From the Greek word bromos, stench
Кристална структура
Основно центрирано ортормомично
История
Carl Jacob Löwig discovered bromine in 1825, while still a chemistry student at Heidelberg University, Germany.
Antoine Balard distilled the bromine from a solution of seaweed ash saturated with chlorine in 1824.
He finally published his results in 1826, providing evidence that the substance he had discovered was a new element.
Antoine Balard distilled the bromine from a solution of seaweed ash saturated with chlorine in 1824.
He finally published his results in 1826, providing evidence that the substance he had discovered was a new element.
Електрон на обвивка
2, 8, 18, 7
Електронна конфигурация
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5
Bromine is the only nonmetallic element that is liquid at ordinary temperatures
Физични свойства
Фаза
Течност
Плътност
3.122 g/cm3
Температура на топене
265.95 K | -7.2 °C | 19.04 °F
Температура на кипене
331.95 K | 58.8 °C | 137.84 °F
Топлина на сливането
5.8 kJ/mol
Топлина на изпаряване
14.8 kJ/mol
Специфичен топлинен капацитет
0.474 J/g·K
Изобилие в земната кора
0.0003%
Изобилие в вселената
7×10-7%
Номер на CAS
7726-95-6
Номер на PubChem CID
24408
Атомни свойства
Атомен радиус
120 pm
Ковалентен радиус
120 pm
Електроотрицателност
2.96 (Скала на Полинг)
Йонизационен потенциал
11.8138 eV
Моларен обем
23.5 cm3/mol
Топлопроводимост
0.00122 W/cm·K
Оксидационни държави
-1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7
Приложения
Bromine is used in making fumigants, flameproofing agents, water purification compounds, dyes, medicines and sanitizers.
Potassium bromide is used as a source of bromide ions for the manufacture of silver bromide for photographic film.
Bromine is also used to reduce mercury pollution from coal-fired power plants.
Potassium bromide is used as a source of bromide ions for the manufacture of silver bromide for photographic film.
Bromine is also used to reduce mercury pollution from coal-fired power plants.
Bromine is poisonous and causes skin burns
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
79Br, 81BrНестабилни изотопи
67Br, 68Br, 69Br, 70Br, 71Br, 72Br, 73Br, 74Br, 75Br, 76Br, 77Br, 78Br, 80Br, 82Br, 83Br, 84Br, 85Br, 86Br, 87Br, 88Br, 89Br, 90Br, 91Br, 92Br, 93Br, 94Br, 95Br, 96Br, 97Br