Цезий
55
Cs
Група
1
Период
6
Блок
s
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
55
55
78
Главни свойства
Атомен номер
55
Атомна маса
132.9054519
Масов номер
133
Категория
Алкални метали
Цвят
Сребърен
Радиоактивни
Да
From the Latin word caesius, sky blue
Кристална структура
Центрове центрирани кубични
История
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff were the first to suggest finding cesium in 1860 by spectrum analysis.
They discovered cesium by its two blue emission lines in a sample of Dürkheim mineral water.
The pure metal was eventually isolated by the German chemist Carl Setterberg while working on his doctorate with Kekulé and Bunsen.
They discovered cesium by its two blue emission lines in a sample of Dürkheim mineral water.
The pure metal was eventually isolated by the German chemist Carl Setterberg while working on his doctorate with Kekulé and Bunsen.
Електрон на обвивка
2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 1
Електронна конфигурация
[Xe] 6s1
Cesium was the first element discovered using a spectroscope
Физични свойства
Фаза
Твърди
Плътност
1.873 g/cm3
Температура на топене
301.59 K | 28.44 °C | 83.19 °F
Температура на кипене
944.15 K | 671 °C | 1239.8 °F
Топлина на сливането
2.09 kJ/mol
Топлина на изпаряване
65 kJ/mol
Специфичен топлинен капацитет
0.242 J/g·K
Изобилие в земната кора
0.00019%
Изобилие в вселената
8×10-8%
Номер на CAS
7440-46-2
Номер на PubChem CID
5354618
Атомни свойства
Атомен радиус
265 pm
Ковалентен радиус
244 pm
Електроотрицателност
0.79 (Скала на Полинг)
Йонизационен потенциал
3.8939 eV
Моларен обем
71.07 cm3/mol
Топлопроводимост
0.359 W/cm·K
Оксидационни държави
-1, 1
Приложения
The radioactive isotope cesium-137 has a half-life of about 30 years and is used in medical applications, industrial gauges, and hydrology.
Cesium is also used in photoelectric cells and as a catalyst in the hydrogenation of organic compounds.
Cesium vapor thermionic generators are low-power devices that convert heat energy to electrical energy.
Cesium is also used in photoelectric cells and as a catalyst in the hydrogenation of organic compounds.
Cesium vapor thermionic generators are low-power devices that convert heat energy to electrical energy.
Cesium compounds are considered to be mildly toxic
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
133CsНестабилни изотопи
112Cs, 113Cs, 114Cs, 115Cs, 116Cs, 117Cs, 118Cs, 119Cs, 120Cs, 121Cs, 122Cs, 123Cs, 124Cs, 125Cs, 126Cs, 127Cs, 128Cs, 129Cs, 130Cs, 131Cs, 132Cs, 134Cs, 135Cs, 136Cs, 137Cs, 138Cs, 139Cs, 140Cs, 141Cs, 142Cs, 143Cs, 144Cs, 145Cs, 146Cs, 147Cs, 148Cs, 149Cs, 150Cs, 151Cs