Тербий
65
Tb
Група
Неизвестно
Период
6
Блок
f
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
65
65
94
Главни свойства
Атомен номер
65
Атомна маса
158.92535
Масов номер
159
Категория
Лантаниди
Цвят
Сребърен
Радиоактивни
Не
Terbium was named after Ytterby, a town in Sweden
Кристална структура
Обикновен шестоъгълник
История
Terbium was discovered in 1843 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander, who detected it as an impurity in yttria.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
Електрон на обвивка
2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2
Електронна конфигурация
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Terbium is soft enough to be cut with a knife
Физични свойства
Фаза
Твърди
Плътност
8.229 g/cm3
Температура на топене
1629.15 K | 1356 °C | 2472.8 °F
Температура на кипене
3503.15 K | 3230 °C | 5846 °F
Топлина на сливането
10.8 kJ/mol
Топлина на изпаряване
295 kJ/mol
Специфичен топлинен капацитет
0.182 J/g·K
Изобилие в земната кора
0.000093%
Изобилие в вселената
5×10-8%
Номер на CAS
7440-27-9
Номер на PubChem CID
23958
Атомни свойства
Атомен радиус
177 pm
Ковалентен радиус
194 pm
Електроотрицателност
1.2 (Скала на Полинг)
Йонизационен потенциал
5.8638 eV
Моларен обем
19.20 cm3/mol
Топлопроводимост
0.111 W/cm·K
Оксидационни държави
1, 3, 4
Приложения
Terbium is used in alloys and in the production of electronic devices.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
Terbium is considered to be moderately toxic
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
159TbНестабилни изотопи
136Tb, 137Tb, 138Tb, 139Tb, 140Tb, 141Tb, 142Tb, 143Tb, 144Tb, 145Tb, 146Tb, 147Tb, 148Tb, 149Tb, 150Tb, 151Tb, 152Tb, 153Tb, 154Tb, 155Tb, 156Tb, 157Tb, 158Tb, 160Tb, 161Tb, 162Tb, 163Tb, 164Tb, 165Tb, 166Tb, 167Tb, 168Tb, 169Tb, 170Tb, 171Tb