Радий
88
Ra
Група
2
Период
7
Блок
s
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
88
88
138
Главни свойства
Атомен номер
88
Атомна маса
[226]
Масов номер
226
Категория
Алкалоземен метал
Цвят
Сребърен
Радиоактивни
Да
From the Latin word radius meaning ray
Кристална структура
Центрове центрирани кубични
История
Radium was discovered by Marie Curie and Pierre Curie in 1898.
They extracted the radium compound from a uraninite sample.
Radium was isolated in its metallic state by Marie Curie and André-Louis Debierne in 1910 through the electrolysis of radium chloride by using a mercury cathode and distilling in an atmosphere of hydrogen gas.
They extracted the radium compound from a uraninite sample.
Radium was isolated in its metallic state by Marie Curie and André-Louis Debierne in 1910 through the electrolysis of radium chloride by using a mercury cathode and distilling in an atmosphere of hydrogen gas.
Електрон на обвивка
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8, 2
Електронна конфигурация
[Rn] 7s2
Radium imparts a carmine red color to a flame
Физични свойства
Фаза
Твърди
Плътност
5.5 g/cm3
Температура на топене
973.15 K | 700 °C | 1292 °F
Температура на кипене
2010.15 K | 1737 °C | 3158.6 °F
Топлина на сливането
8 kJ/mol
Топлина на изпаряване
125 kJ/mol
Специфичен топлинен капацитет
-
Изобилие в земната кора
9.9×10-12%
Изобилие в вселената
Неизвестно
Номер на CAS
7440-14-4
Номер на PubChem CID
6328144
Атомни свойства
Атомен радиус
-
Ковалентен радиус
221 pm
Електроотрицателност
0.9 (Скала на Полинг)
Йонизационен потенциал
5.2784 eV
Моларен обем
45.20 cm3/mol
Топлопроводимост
0.186 W/cm·K
Оксидационни държави
2
Приложения
Radium was formerly used in self-luminous paints for watches, nuclear panels, aircraft switches, clocks, and instrument dials.
Radium chloride was used in medicine to produce radon gas which in turn was used as a cancer treatment.
The isotope 223Ra is currently under investigation for use in medicine as a cancer treatment of bone metastasis.
Radium chloride was used in medicine to produce radon gas which in turn was used as a cancer treatment.
The isotope 223Ra is currently under investigation for use in medicine as a cancer treatment of bone metastasis.
Radium is highly radioactive and carcinogenic
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
-Нестабилни изотопи
202Ra, 203Ra, 204Ra, 205Ra, 206Ra, 207Ra, 208Ra, 209Ra, 210Ra, 211Ra, 212Ra, 213Ra, 214Ra, 215Ra, 216Ra, 217Ra, 218Ra, 219Ra, 220Ra, 221Ra, 222Ra, 223Ra, 224Ra, 225Ra, 226Ra, 227Ra, 228Ra, 229Ra, 230Ra, 231Ra, 232Ra, 233Ra, 234Ra