Натрий
11
Na
Група
1
Период
3
Блок
s
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
11
11
12
Главни свойства
Атомен номер
11
Атомна маса
22.98976928
Масов номер
23
Категория
Алкални метали
Цвят
Сребърен
Радиоактивни
Не
From the English word, soda; Medieval Latin, sodanum: a headache remedy
Кристална структура
Центрове центрирани кубични
История
The chemical abbreviation for sodium was first published by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in his system of atomic symbols.
It is a contraction of the element's new Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, a natural mineral salt primarily made of hydrated sodium carbonate.
In 1807, Sir Humphry Davy isolated sodium for the first time by electrolysis of dried sodium hydroxide, which had been very slightly moistened.
It is a contraction of the element's new Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, a natural mineral salt primarily made of hydrated sodium carbonate.
In 1807, Sir Humphry Davy isolated sodium for the first time by electrolysis of dried sodium hydroxide, which had been very slightly moistened.
Електрон на обвивка
2, 8, 1
Електронна конфигурация
[Ne] 3s1
Sodium burns in air with a brilliant yellow flame
Физични свойства
Фаза
Твърди
Плътност
0.971 g/cm3
Температура на топене
370.87 K | 97.72 °C | 207.9 °F
Температура на кипене
1156.15 K | 883 °C | 1621.4 °F
Топлина на сливането
2.6 kJ/mol
Топлина на изпаряване
97.7 kJ/mol
Специфичен топлинен капацитет
1.228 J/g·K
Изобилие в земната кора
2.3%
Изобилие в вселената
0.002%
Номер на CAS
7440-23-5
Номер на PubChem CID
5360545
Атомни свойства
Атомен радиус
186 pm
Ковалентен радиус
166 pm
Електроотрицателност
0.93 (Скала на Полинг)
Йонизационен потенциал
5.1391 eV
Моларен обем
23.7 cm3/mol
Топлопроводимост
1.41 W/cm·K
Оксидационни държави
-1, 1
Приложения
Metallic sodium is vital in the manufacture of esters and in the preparation of organic compounds.
Sodium vapor lamps are often used for street lighting in cities.
Liquid sodium is used as a heat transfer fluid in some fast reactors.
Sodium is also used as an alloying metal, an anti-scaling agent, and as a reducing agent for metals when other materials are ineffective.
Sodium vapor lamps are often used for street lighting in cities.
Liquid sodium is used as a heat transfer fluid in some fast reactors.
Sodium is also used as an alloying metal, an anti-scaling agent, and as a reducing agent for metals when other materials are ineffective.
Sodium metal should be handled with great care as it cannot be maintained in an inert atmosphere
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
23NaНестабилни изотопи
18Na, 19Na, 20Na, 21Na, 22Na, 24Na, 25Na, 26Na, 27Na, 28Na, 29Na, 30Na, 31Na, 32Na, 33Na, 34Na, 35Na, 36Na, 37Na