Хлор
17
Cl
Група
17
Период
3
Блок
p
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
17
17
18
Главни свойства
Атомен номер
17
Атомна маса
35.453
Масов номер
35
Категория
Халогени
Цвят
Жълт
Радиоактивни
Не
From the Greek word chloro, greenish yellow
Кристална структура
Основно центрирано ортормомично
История
Around 1630, chlorine was recognized as a gas by the Belgian chemist and physician Jan Baptist van Helmont.
Elemental chlorine was first prepared and studied in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
By 1810, the scientific consensus was that chlorine was actually a compound that contained oxygen.
In 1811, Sir Humphry Davy concluded the new gas was in fact a new element.
Elemental chlorine was first prepared and studied in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
By 1810, the scientific consensus was that chlorine was actually a compound that contained oxygen.
In 1811, Sir Humphry Davy concluded the new gas was in fact a new element.
Електрон на обвивка
2, 8, 7
Електронна конфигурация
[Ne] 3s2 3p5
Tree frogs have a chlorine compound in their skin that is a very powerful pain killer
Физични свойства
Фаза
Газ
Плътност
0.003214 g/cm3
Температура на топене
171.65 K | -101.5 °C | -150.7 °F
Температура на кипене
239.11 K | -34.04 °C | -29.27 °F
Топлина на сливането
3.2 kJ/mol
Топлина на изпаряване
10.2 kJ/mol
Специфичен топлинен капацитет
0.479 J/g·K
Изобилие в земната кора
0.017%
Изобилие в вселената
0.0001%
Номер на CAS
7782-50-5
Номер на PubChem CID
24526
Атомни свойства
Атомен радиус
79 pm
Ковалентен радиус
102 pm
Електроотрицателност
3.16 (Скала на Полинг)
Йонизационен потенциал
12.9676 eV
Моларен обем
22.7 cm3/mol
Топлопроводимост
0.000089 W/cm·K
Оксидационни държави
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Приложения
Chlorine is used for producing safe drinking water.
It is also extensively used in the production of paper products, dyestuffs, textiles, petroleum products, medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, food, solvents, paints, plastics, and many other consumer products.
Chlorinated compounds are used mostly for sanitation, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing.
It is also extensively used in the production of paper products, dyestuffs, textiles, petroleum products, medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, food, solvents, paints, plastics, and many other consumer products.
Chlorinated compounds are used mostly for sanitation, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing.
Elemental chlorine at high concentrations is extremely dangerous and poisonous
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
35Cl, 37ClНестабилни изотопи
28Cl, 29Cl, 30Cl, 31Cl, 32Cl, 33Cl, 34Cl, 36Cl, 38Cl, 39Cl, 40Cl, 41Cl, 42Cl, 43Cl, 44Cl, 45Cl, 46Cl, 47Cl, 48Cl, 49Cl, 50Cl, 51Cl