Калай
50
Sn
Група
14
Период
5
Блок
p
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
50
50
69
Главни свойства
Атомен номер
50
Атомна маса
118.71
Масов номер
119
Категория
След преходни метали
Цвят
Сребърен
Радиоактивни
Не
The Latin word for tin is stannum
Кристална структура
Тетрагонална обемноцентрирана решетка
История
Tin was first smelted in combination with copper around 3500 BC to produce bronze.
The oldest artifacts date from around 2000 BC.
Cassiterite, the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times.
British scientist Robert Boyle published a description of his experiments on the oxidation of tin in 1673.
The oldest artifacts date from around 2000 BC.
Cassiterite, the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times.
British scientist Robert Boyle published a description of his experiments on the oxidation of tin in 1673.
Електрон на обвивка
2, 8, 18, 18, 4
Електронна конфигурация
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
When a bar of tin is bent, a crackling sound known as the tin cry can be heard
Физични свойства
Фаза
Твърди
Плътност
7.287 g/cm3
Температура на топене
505.08 K | 231.93 °C | 449.47 °F
Температура на кипене
2875.15 K | 2602 °C | 4715.6 °F
Топлина на сливането
7 kJ/mol
Топлина на изпаряване
290 kJ/mol
Специфичен топлинен капацитет
0.228 J/g·K
Изобилие в земната кора
0.00022%
Изобилие в вселената
4×10-7%
Номер на CAS
7440-31-5
Номер на PubChem CID
5352426
Атомни свойства
Атомен радиус
140 pm
Ковалентен радиус
139 pm
Електроотрицателност
1.96 (Скала на Полинг)
Йонизационен потенциал
7.3439 eV
Моларен обем
16.3 cm3/mol
Топлопроводимост
0.666 W/cm·K
Оксидационни държави
-4, 2, 4
Приложения
Tin is used as a coating on the surface of other metals to prevent corrosion.
It has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead.
Tin salts sprayed onto glass are used to produce electrically conductive coatings.
Tin chloride is used as a mordant in dyeing textiles and for increasing the weight of silk.
It has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead.
Tin salts sprayed onto glass are used to produce electrically conductive coatings.
Tin chloride is used as a mordant in dyeing textiles and for increasing the weight of silk.
Tin is considered to be non-toxic but most tin salts are toxic
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
112Sn, 114Sn, 115Sn, 116Sn, 117Sn, 118Sn, 119Sn, 120Sn, 122Sn, 124SnНестабилни изотопи
99Sn, 100Sn, 101Sn, 102Sn, 103Sn, 104Sn, 105Sn, 106Sn, 107Sn, 108Sn, 109Sn, 110Sn, 111Sn, 113Sn, 121Sn, 123Sn, 125Sn, 126Sn, 127Sn, 128Sn, 129Sn, 130Sn, 131Sn, 132Sn, 133Sn, 134Sn, 135Sn, 136Sn, 137Sn