Антимон
51
Sb
Група
15
Период
5
Блок
p
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
51
51
71
Главни свойства
Атомен номер
51
Атомна маса
121.76
Масов номер
122
Категория
Металоид
Цвят
Сребърен
Радиоактивни
Не
From the Greek word anti plus monos - a metal not found alone
Кристална структура
Обикновен триъгълник
История
One of antimony's minerals, stibnite was recognized in predynastic Egypt as an eye cosmetic as early as about 3100 BC.
The first European description of a procedure for isolating antimony is in the book De la pirotechnia of 1540 by Vannoccio Biringuccio.
The first natural occurrence of pure antimony in the Earth's crust was described by the Swedish scientist and local mine district engineer Anton von Swab in 1783.
The first European description of a procedure for isolating antimony is in the book De la pirotechnia of 1540 by Vannoccio Biringuccio.
The first natural occurrence of pure antimony in the Earth's crust was described by the Swedish scientist and local mine district engineer Anton von Swab in 1783.
Електрон на обвивка
2, 8, 18, 18, 5
Електронна конфигурация
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3
Antimony is a poor conductor of heat and electricity
Физични свойства
Фаза
Твърди
Плътност
6.685 g/cm3
Температура на топене
903.78 K | 630.63 °C | 1167.13 °F
Температура на кипене
1860.15 K | 1587 °C | 2888.6 °F
Топлина на сливането
19.7 kJ/mol
Топлина на изпаряване
68 kJ/mol
Специфичен топлинен капацитет
0.207 J/g·K
Изобилие в земната кора
0.00002%
Изобилие в вселената
4×10-8%
Номер на CAS
7440-36-0
Номер на PubChem CID
5354495
Атомни свойства
Атомен радиус
140 pm
Ковалентен радиус
139 pm
Електроотрицателност
2.05 (Скала на Полинг)
Йонизационен потенциал
8.6084 eV
Моларен обем
18.22 cm3/mol
Топлопроводимост
0.243 W/cm·K
Оксидационни държави
-3, 3, 5
Приложения
The largest applications for metallic antimony are as alloying material for lead and tin and for lead antimony plates in lead-acid batteries.
Alloying lead and tin with antimony improves the properties of the alloys which are used in solders, bullets and plain bearings.
Antimony trioxide is used as a flame retardant in adhesives, plastics, rubber and textiles.
Alloying lead and tin with antimony improves the properties of the alloys which are used in solders, bullets and plain bearings.
Antimony trioxide is used as a flame retardant in adhesives, plastics, rubber and textiles.
Antimony and many of its compounds are toxic
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
121Sb, 123SbНестабилни изотопи
103Sb, 104Sb, 105Sb, 106Sb, 107Sb, 108Sb, 109Sb, 110Sb, 111Sb, 112Sb, 113Sb, 114Sb, 115Sb, 116Sb, 117Sb, 118Sb, 119Sb, 120Sb, 122Sb, 124Sb, 125Sb, 126Sb, 127Sb, 128Sb, 129Sb, 130Sb, 131Sb, 132Sb, 133Sb, 134Sb, 135Sb, 136Sb, 137Sb, 138Sb, 139Sb