Телур
52
Te
Група
16
Период
5
Блок
p
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
52
52
76
Главни свойства
Атомен номер
52
Атомна маса
127.6
Масов номер
128
Категория
Металоид
Цвят
Сребърен
Радиоактивни
Не
From the Latin word tellus, earth
Кристална структура
Обикновен триъгълник
История
Tellurium was discovered in Transylvania in 1782 by Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein in a mineral containing tellurium and gold.
In 1789, another Hungarian scientist, Pál Kitaibel, also discovered the element independently in an ore from Deutsch-Pilsen which had been regarded as argentiferous molybdenite.
In 1798, it was named by Martin Heinrich Klaproth who earlier isolated it from the mineral calaverite.
In 1789, another Hungarian scientist, Pál Kitaibel, also discovered the element independently in an ore from Deutsch-Pilsen which had been regarded as argentiferous molybdenite.
In 1798, it was named by Martin Heinrich Klaproth who earlier isolated it from the mineral calaverite.
Електрон на обвивка
2, 8, 18, 18, 6
Електронна конфигурация
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4
In air, tellurium burns with a greenish-blue flames, forming the dioxide
Физични свойства
Фаза
Твърди
Плътност
6.232 g/cm3
Температура на топене
722.66 K | 449.51 °C | 841.12 °F
Температура на кипене
1261.15 K | 988 °C | 1810.4 °F
Топлина на сливането
17.5 kJ/mol
Топлина на изпаряване
48 kJ/mol
Специфичен топлинен капацитет
0.202 J/g·K
Изобилие в земната кора
9.9×10-8%
Изобилие в вселената
9×10-7%
Номер на CAS
13494-80-9
Номер на PubChem CID
6327182
Атомни свойства
Атомен радиус
140 pm
Ковалентен радиус
138 pm
Електроотрицателност
2.1 (Скала на Полинг)
Йонизационен потенциал
9.0096 eV
Моларен обем
20.5 cm3/mol
Топлопроводимост
0.0235 W/cm·K
Оксидационни държави
-2, 2, 4, 5, 6
Приложения
The primary use of tellurium is in alloys, foremost in steel and copper to improve machinability.
Tellurium is used as a basic ingredient in blasting caps, and is added to cast iron for chill control.
It is used in vulcanizing rubber and in catalysts for petroleum cracking.
Tellurium is used as a coloring agent in ceramics.
Tellurium is used as a basic ingredient in blasting caps, and is added to cast iron for chill control.
It is used in vulcanizing rubber and in catalysts for petroleum cracking.
Tellurium is used as a coloring agent in ceramics.
Tellurium and tellurium compounds are considered to be mildly toxic
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
120Te, 122Te, 124Te, 125Te, 126TeНестабилни изотопи
105Te, 106Te, 107Te, 108Te, 109Te, 110Te, 111Te, 112Te, 113Te, 114Te, 115Te, 116Te, 117Te, 118Te, 119Te, 121Te, 123Te, 127Te, 128Te, 129Te, 130Te, 131Te, 132Te, 133Te, 134Te, 135Te, 136Te, 137Te, 138Te, 139Te, 140Te, 141Te, 142Te