Злато
79
Au
Група
11
Период
6
Блок
d
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
79
79
118
Главни свойства
Атомен номер
79
Атомна маса
196.966569
Масов номер
197
Категория
Преходни метали
Цвят
Златен
Радиоактивни
Не
From the Latin word aurum meaning gold
Кристална структура
Кубична стенноцентрирана решетка
История
Gold has been known since prehistoric times and was the first metal used by humans.
Gold artifacts dated to 5000 years ago have been found in Egyptian tombs.
Gold of 98% purity has been found in Nahal Qunah in the ancient kingdom of Israel, dating from about 6000 years ago.
Gold artifacts dated to 5000 years ago have been found in Egyptian tombs.
Gold of 98% purity has been found in Nahal Qunah in the ancient kingdom of Israel, dating from about 6000 years ago.
Електрон на обвивка
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1
Електронна конфигурация
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
India is the world's largest single consumer of gold
Физични свойства
Фаза
Твърди
Плътност
19.282 g/cm3
Температура на топене
1337.35 K | 1064.2 °C | 1947.56 °F
Температура на кипене
3129.15 K | 2856 °C | 5172.8 °F
Топлина на сливането
12.5 kJ/mol
Топлина на изпаряване
330 kJ/mol
Специфичен топлинен капацитет
0.129 J/g·K
Изобилие в земната кора
3.1×10-7%
Изобилие в вселената
6×10-8%
Кредити за снимката: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Synthetic made gold crystals by the chemical transport reaction in chlorine gas
Номер на CAS
7440-57-5
Номер на PubChem CID
23985
Атомни свойства
Атомен радиус
144 pm
Ковалентен радиус
136 pm
Електроотрицателност
2.54 (Скала на Полинг)
Йонизационен потенциал
9.2255 eV
Моларен обем
10.2 cm3/mol
Топлопроводимост
3.17 W/cm·K
Оксидационни държави
-1, 1, 2, 3, 5
Приложения
Gold is used in coinage and is a standard for monetary systems in many countries.
It is also extensively used for jewelry, decoration, dental work, and for plating.
Gold is used widely in microelectronic circuits to ensure reliable, corrosion-resistant and static-free performance.
Gold leaf, flake or dust is used in some gourmet foods as decorative ingredient.
It is also extensively used for jewelry, decoration, dental work, and for plating.
Gold is used widely in microelectronic circuits to ensure reliable, corrosion-resistant and static-free performance.
Gold leaf, flake or dust is used in some gourmet foods as decorative ingredient.
Gold is considered to be non-toxic
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
197AuНестабилни изотопи
169Au, 170Au, 171Au, 172Au, 173Au, 174Au, 175Au, 176Au, 177Au, 178Au, 179Au, 180Au, 181Au, 182Au, 183Au, 184Au, 185Au, 186Au, 187Au, 188Au, 189Au, 190Au, 191Au, 192Au, 193Au, 194Au, 195Au, 196Au, 198Au, 199Au, 200Au, 201Au, 202Au, 203Au, 204Au, 205Au