Живак
80
Hg
Група
12
Период
6
Блок
d
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
80
80
121
Главни свойства
Атомен номер
80
Атомна маса
200.59
Масов номер
201
Категория
Преходни метали
Цвят
Сребърен
Радиоактивни
Не
From the Latin word hydrargyrum meaning liquid silver
Кристална структура
Обикновен триъгълник
История
Mercury was known to the ancient Chinese and Indians and has been found in Egyptian tombs dating back to about 1500 BC.
Alchemists thought of mercury as the First Matter from which all metals were formed.
They believed that different metals could be produced by varying the quality and quantity of sulfur contained within the mercury.
Alchemists thought of mercury as the First Matter from which all metals were formed.
They believed that different metals could be produced by varying the quality and quantity of sulfur contained within the mercury.
Електрон на обвивка
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2
Електронна конфигурация
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature
Физични свойства
Фаза
Течност
Плътност
13.5336 g/cm3
Температура на топене
234.32 K | -38.83 °C | -37.89 °F
Температура на кипене
630.15 K | 357 °C | 674.6 °F
Топлина на сливането
2.29 kJ/mol
Топлина на изпаряване
59.2 kJ/mol
Специфичен топлинен капацитет
0.14 J/g·K
Изобилие в земната кора
6.7×10-6%
Изобилие в вселената
1×10-7%
Номер на CAS
7439-97-6
Номер на PubChem CID
23931
Атомни свойства
Атомен радиус
151 pm
Ковалентен радиус
132 pm
Електроотрицателност
2.00 (Скала на Полинг)
Йонизационен потенциал
10.4375 eV
Моларен обем
14.82 cm3/mol
Топлопроводимост
0.0834 W/cm·K
Оксидационни държави
1, 2, 4
Приложения
Mercury is used in barometers and manometers because of its high density.
Gaseous mercury is used in mercury-vapor lamps and some 'neon sign' type advertising signs and fluorescent lamps.
Mercury is also found in liquid mirror telescopes.
Gaseous mercury is also found in some electron tubes, including ignitrons, thyratrons, and mercury arc rectifiers.
Gaseous mercury is used in mercury-vapor lamps and some 'neon sign' type advertising signs and fluorescent lamps.
Mercury is also found in liquid mirror telescopes.
Gaseous mercury is also found in some electron tubes, including ignitrons, thyratrons, and mercury arc rectifiers.
Mercury and most of its compounds are highly toxic
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
196Hg, 198Hg, 199Hg, 200Hg, 201Hg, 202Hg, 204HgНестабилни изотопи
171Hg, 172Hg, 173Hg, 174Hg, 175Hg, 176Hg, 177Hg, 178Hg, 179Hg, 180Hg, 181Hg, 182Hg, 183Hg, 184Hg, 185Hg, 186Hg, 187Hg, 188Hg, 189Hg, 190Hg, 191Hg, 192Hg, 193Hg, 194Hg, 195Hg, 197Hg, 203Hg, 205Hg, 206Hg, 207Hg, 208Hg, 209Hg, 210Hg